Where to find them
Open System Settings → General → Login Items & Extensions.
- Open at Login: apps that launch when you sign in. Add one with +, remove with −.
- Allow in the Background: helpers and apps allowed to keep running in the background, such as updaters and menu bar tools.
Turning one off
Switch it off under Allow in the Background, or remove it from Open at Login. Many apps also have their own Launch at login setting; turn it off there too, or the app may add itself again.
When an app quits by itself
If an app that lives in the menu bar or the notch isn’t allowed in the background, macOS can stop it a minute or two after it starts, with no crash report. Turning it on under Allow in the Background fixes it. NotchMind, which I make, spots this and offers Open Login Items. See NotchMind quits by itself.
Speed up sign-in
Every login item adds a little to start-up. Keep the ones you use daily and remove the rest.
NotchMind